The term GSM stands for Global System for Mobile communication. GSM is one of the latest mobile technologies that can be easily interfaced to an embedded microcontroller. Moreover, with this technology, you can access devices remotely.

The main aim of this project is to develop a security system for homes against thieves, gas leakage, short circuits and fire incidences, etc. Home alarm system is also used for the security of banks, offices, industries, and so on.

The block diagram consists of various components like GSM modem, sensors, ADC, LCD display, microcontroller, relays, and buzzers. Sensors are used to detect or sense temperature, smoke, illumination level and other parameters. An analog to digital converter converts the sensed data into a digital format, and then sends the data to the microcontroller.

The GSM modem is interfaced with the microcontroller to send or receive the information from the microcontroller. The Microcontroller is programmed in such a way that when these sensing values are higher or lower than the predefined values, it sends the control signals to the final controlling devices like relays to turn the devices on.

In addition to this, the system also alerts the tenants remotely by sending SMS to them when the parameter crosses threshold values. This system also allows the user to send control signals via SMS to control the devices remotely. In this way, this home alarm system not only enables the buzzer alarm, but also performs control operation.

Apart from this GSM-based system, there are some more projects that are related to home alarm systems; a few of such projects are discussed below:

RFID based Home Security System

The Radio frequency identification is a system that uses radio frequency waves to transfer the data from a tag to a reader. This is a useful application of RFID commonly used in educational institutions and companies, homes and so on. A RFID system consists of a reader and a transponder.

The objective of this system is to provide security to homes, offices and banks by using RFID system. This system uses various components like an RFID card, an RFID reader, a motor, a motor driver, a microcontroller, a LCD and a buzzer. The Motor driver is used to drive the motor in various mechanical directions, and the motor is used to perform functions like opening and closing of door.

This project is intended for building a security system that prevents the unknown persons from entering into the security rooms of the banks or houses by a radio frequency identification system. The RFID card used in this system consists of a tag with a set of unique numbers; an RFID reader reads this card information and sends the data to the microcontroller.

The microcontroller checks the card to verify whether the data is correct or not, and if the data matches with the original information that has been stored in the microcontroller, then it allows the person to enter into the room by rotating the motor that opens the door.

If the RFID data is wrong or invalid, then this system gives an alarm with buzzing sounds. This system is mainly used in these sectors: banking, government organizations, offices and industries.

Bluetooth based Home Security System

A Bluetooth modem is wireless automated technology based modem that receives the information from a remote Bluetooth enabled control device. It is limited only for a certain operating range to have proper remote control function.

The main aim of this project is to provide security for houses, which is based on Bluetooth technology. Nowadays security has become mandatory for houses and banks due to ever increasing incidents of robberies, heists, thefts and crimes. This system consists of a Bluetooth receiver, a decoder and a microcontroller, along with relays, a device buzzer, a fan and a bulb.

A Bluetooth enabled phone or device is used to send the control signals remotely to the microcontroller. A Bluetooth modem is attached to the microcontroller to send the signals that are received from the mobile phone. The data from the receiver is decoded by a decoder and transferred to the microcontroller.

Upon receiving the decoded information from the Bluetooth receiver, the microcontroller switches various appliances like fans, bulbs and other devices. This system also enables a buzzer that alarms the user or entire home or a particular area in case of any untoward happenings.

Microcontroller Based Home Security System with Remote Monitoring

Home security system provides security and safety for homes by interconnecting the alarms in residential houses during emergency situations, such as leakage of gas, fire, thefts, etc. This proposed system is capable of detecting the temperature and also human presence particularly in night.

This type of home-alarm system is developed by using IR sensors, Temperature sensors, Microcontroller, Relay, LCD display, buzzer and stepper motor. The IR transmitter and receivers placed at doors in homes are activated during night times or when the door is locked. If a person tries to enter into the home – immediately, the IR sensor gets activated and sends the signals to the microcontroller, and then a buzzer is activated to alert the persons inside the home or in the neighborhood.

In case of fire inside the house, the temperature sensors detect the temperature within the house and its surroundings, and then instantly send the data to the microcontroller. The microcontroller then compares this temperature with the pre-stored temperature values in it; if the temperature crosses the threshold limit, it immediately enables the alarm and also prompts the temperature display that displays the temperature on the LCD. In this system, a stepper motor is used to open or close the door.

These are some of the major projects that are based on home-alarm systems that use GSM, Bluetooth, RFID and IR technologies. We believe that you might have received enough information on this topic. Please share your reviews, comments and suggestions about this article in the comment section below and also if you have any doubts about these and similar projects, then you can contact us for technical guidance.

Photo Credits

• Home Alarm Systems by projectsof8051
• Home Security System by projectsof8051
• Bluetooth based Home Security System by projectsof8051