Fundamentals of RS232

In RS 232, the term RS stands for recommended slandered and the number 232 specifies the latest version.There are various types of serial communication systems were designed to transfer the information over large distances through some variety of information cable. The term serial most frequently denoted to the RS232 port which is called as the serial port, and therefore the several devices designed to be compatible with it using serial cable which is plugged into it. Basically, all long distance communication transfers the information one bit at a time, instead of in parallel, as a result of it reduces the price of the cable. [Read more…]

GSM Modem

The acronym of the GSM modem is Global System for Mobile Communications, it is a wireless communication module, used to  make a computer or any processor to communicate over a network. This modem uses a variation of TDMA(Time Division Multiple Access) and is the most commonly used of the digital wireless telephony technologies like TDMA, GSM and CDMA.A GSM modem needs a SIM card to operate through a n/w range subscribed by the network operator. This modem can be connected to a computer via a serial, Bluetooth or USB connection. A GSM modem is also a standard GSM mobile phone with a suitable cable and software driver to connect to a USB port on your PC. Generally, this modem is preferred instead of a GSM mobile phone. This article describes how GSM modem interfacing with 8051 microcontroller. [Read more…]

PLL IC

In our day-to-day life, we got used with various types of communication systems such as a radio communication system, telecommunication system, wireless communication system, optical communication system and so on to communicate with others. All these communication systems we use in our regular life are controlled using different control systems such as a phase locked loop or PLL, cooperative control, networked control and so on. Here, in this article we discuss about phase locked loop system working and PLL applications. But, primarily we must know what is PLL. [Read more…]

Burglar Alarm

In present days, burglar alarm systems have become necessary equipment in many stores as well as in homes.But, selecting a burglar alarm system for your home may often be confusing due to availability of different types. The basic burglar alarm is a magnetic switch sensor that includes a switch which opens and closes when it is near the magnet.

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MIMO Wireless Communications

MIMO or Multiple-Input Multiple-Output can be referred to as the communication channel created with multiple transmitters and receivers of an antenna to improve communication’s performance. Since their initial development in the year 1990, MIMO Wireless Communications have become integral part of the most forthcoming commercial and next generation wireless data communication systems. MIMO is one among the several types of Smart Antenna Technologies. Nowadays MIMO techniques are used in different technologies such as WI-FI and LTE (long term evolution). [Read more…]

Smart Card Authentication

Internet and online applications usage have tremendously increased nowadays and become an integral part of our day-to-day lives. For applications like internet banking, confidential information passing and online financial transactions top notch security is the prerequisite. However, in the recent past cyber-attacks have become very common and are posing huge challenges to both the users and service providers alike. The modus operandi of the prevailing cyber stealing racket is hijacking user credentials especially username and password to breach the security of user-based authentication systems. To resolve this problem, smart-access card system is secure and reliable authentication system that secures user credentials and removes the inconveniences like remembering multitude of password and usernames. [Read more…]